Ivan Tikhonov The steam condensate returned to the boiler room is a high-quality feed water for the steam boiler in the absence of contaminants. Condensate pollutants include dissolved iron, hardness salts and dissolved aggressive gases (carbon dioxide, oxygen). Let’s take a closer look at how these contaminants can get into the condensate. Dissolved iron is […]

The article discusses the interaction of chlorine with water. What substances are formed and how they depend on the pH value of the water. Chlorine is a diatomic gas Cl2 under normal conditions. When chlorine interacts with water, a reaction of formation of hypochlorous and hydrochloric acid occurs. Cl2 + H2O = HClO + HCl   […]

Ivan Tikhonov Annotation The article discusses how impurities in water can affect the quality of ice. Of course, not ice for drinks is meant, but ice for sporting events.   The analysis of existing schemes of water preparation for ice making leads to the following conclusion: the lower the salinity of water is and the […]

Ivan Tikhonov The article provides author’s reasoning about the organization of the chemistry of a touchfree car wash. First, you need to understand what water quality is really required for the technical needs of a car wash. What impurities in the water can be the cause of poor-quality car washing and how does the chemical […]

Ivan Tikhonov Na – cation exchange water softening is perhaps the most common process for preparing water for various industrial and drinking purposes. The meaning of this process is that dissolved polyvalent ions are replaced by sodium ions in water. As a result, the water softens and heavy metals are removed from the water. This […]

Ivan Tikhonov In the article, as simply as possible (as it seems to the author), the basics of the water-chemical mode of low-pressure fire-tube steam boilers are presented. The water-chemical mode (WCM) of a steam boiler is an operating complex of technological solutions aimed at ensuring trouble-free and efficient operation of a steam boiler. In […]

Ivan Tikhonov The article discusses the main methods of water purification for drinking and household needs. Household centralized and decentralized water supply networks are accepted as a source of water supply.  Recommendations on the selection of water treatment equipment and materials are given. It is no secret that the drinking water that enters our home […]

Ivan Tikhonov Cooling tower, reverse osmosis, water acidification This article is devoted to the problem of removing bicarbonate from natural water. Bicarbonate can be removed from water by converting it to carbon dioxide. In this case, part of the carbon dioxide dissociates in the water and reduces the pH value of the water. When the […]

Ivan Tikhonov The article deals with the problem of operational control of the process of ion water softening. The dependence of the electrical conductivity of water on its hardness value for the water softening process is presented. The article presents a control system for the water softening installation based on programmable relay. The results of […]

Ivan Tikhonov Almost completely desalinated water is required to be used for feeding steam boilers with the pressure of more than 14 MPa. The salt content of feed water in terms of Na should be no more than 50 mcg/kg, and for direct-flow boilers no more than 20 mcg/kg. The pH value of such water […]

Ivan Tikhonov The article presents a method for calculating the pH value, which corresponds to the saturation of water by calcium carbonate and compares this pH value with the pH value obtained by calculating with Langelier saturation index and Stiff & Davis index. Corrosion and scale formation are the main problems in the usage of […]